Get information about Linux partitions

To Display Hard Disk Partition Size in Mega bytes or GB or TB:
$ df -H

To list all block devices, run:
# lsblk

NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    1   558G  0 disk
├─sda1   8:1    1   307M  0 part /boot
├─sda2   8:2    1   250G  0 part /webroot
├─sda3   8:3    1     6G  0 part [SWAP]
├─sda4   8:4    1     1K  0 part
└─sda5   8:5    1 301.7G  0 part /
sr0     11:0    1  1024M  0 rom

To determine the file system type or to find out what type of file systems currently mounted:

$ df -T

df command report filesystem disk space usage and if you pass -T option it will report filesystem type.

 $ mount

/dev/hdb1 on / type ext3 (rw,errors=remount-ro)
/dev/hdb2 on /home type ext3 (rw,errors=remount-ro)
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw)
usbfs on /proc/bus/usb type usbfs (rw)
automount(pid3558) on /data type autofs (rw,fd=4,pgrp=3558,minproto=2,maxproto=4)

As you can see, second last column displays the file system type. For example first line [/dev/hdb1 on / type ext3 (rw,errors=remount-ro)] can be interpreted as follows:

• /dev/hdb1 : Partition
• / : File system
• ext3 : File system type
• (rw,errors=remount-ro) : Mount options

fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 251.1 GB, 251059544064 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30522 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0008fcd3
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          14      104448   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2              14       13068   104857600   83  Linux
/dev/sda3           13068       13198     1048576   82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4           13198       30523   139163648    5  Extended
/dev/sda5           13198       30523   139162624   83  Linux

 the star on /dev/sda1 shows that this is the bootable partition

fdisk -l | grep Disk

fdisk device   {fdisk /dev/sda1}

cfdisk 

 - DOS-based utility to manupulate partitions 

sfdisk -l /dev/sda